Influences in Conference and Banqueting industry Assignment

Influences in Conference and banquet intentness - Assignment ExampleThe paper tells that hospitality application encompasses the establishments that provide accommodation, meals, drinks, conferencing go among other connect services. The hospitality manufacturing provides two major services, which are the overnight accommodation and sustenance for people. The UK tourism manufacturing has recorded tremendous harvest-tide over the years, and even during the recession, the industry continued to expand. In 2010 July, the amount fagged overseas visitors was 1.96b, which represented a 15.9% rise as compared to the 2009 value of 1.69b. This shows how the industry has potential for growth. Therefore, hospitality industry contri furtheres significantly to the economy and employs millions of people. Conference and banqueting is one of the fields under the hospitality industry. This field provides conferencing activities to several(prenominal) people including local residents to intern ational tourists. Banqueting is currently a lucrative business especially with the growth of conferencing facilities. Banqueting refers to the act of serving food and beverage to a group of individuals eating together, for example, in mentation or multitude. It is a highly profitable venture, and as such, most facilities in the hospitality industry save incorporated it in their services. The hospitality industry is one of the fastest growing industries, and indeed, the largest in the world. In the UK, this industry makes up a significant part of the economy, with its over 50, 000 guest houses and hotels and an annual turnover of 50 billion. In addition, the industry employs over 1.7 million workforce. (British Hospitality Association, 2008). This industry is large and wide, and ranks third among the top sectors that provide employment. The industry is diverse due to ownership, innovation, grading system and classification, waste facilities, level of service and future trends. N arrowing down, the league and banqueting industry contributes ? 18.8 billion to the economy of UK according to the UK Events Market Trends Survey results. The business prospect of this industry increases annually, thus, it has attracted many investors especially during the preparation for the 2012 Olympics. Currently, the industry does not only provide meeting and food services, but there are additional services such as shops, nightclubs, hair and beauty salons, internet, gymnasium, shops, and laundry services. Conferencing services are mostly for business people whom after the meetings would prefer to have a little leisure and relaxation. Thus, the conference and banqueting industry has included the mentioned services to ensure that the guests do not leave the set forth to go and look for leisure activities elsewhere. Research reveals that most hotels have special facilities in built for conference and banqueting events, as it has emerged a very profitable business area. An exam ple of hotel or hospitality supplier that has excelled in the area of conference and banqueting is the Villa Park or Aston Villa. The hotel that offers hospitality and events services emerged the best in the category of Best UK Unusual Events during the prestigious M&IT Awards. Apart from excellent services, Villa Park is located centrally less than two miles from the M6, and offers spacious free car parking spaces, which makes it a perfect venue to emcee events. Another example of facility that offers good conference and banqueting services is The Royal Over-Seas League, which is a clubby Members club that offers unique services for all kinds of occasions. Referred to as ROSL in short, the facility has eclectic collection of events and meeting rooms, as well as styles and designs that offers exquisite views of various places. Factors that have

International Business Environment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

International Business Environment - Essay ExampleThis essay talks that the ability of organizations to travel along in the global credit line environment is related to a series of factors, including the resources available, the organizational objectives and the network of to each one firms strategic alliances, both locally and globally. At this point, the following problem has appeared is the global business environment able to affect organizational performance? The performance of a Multinational Enterprise in the context of the global business environment is explored in this paper. Reference is made to Toyota and the challenges that the particular organization faces at a lower place the pressures by the global business environment. This report makes a conclusion that the success of Toyota in the global marketplace cannot be doubted. However, the stabilization in the firms productivity, as reflected in the financial results of the organization presented in section 4 above, lead s to the following assumption for the last years, i.e. from 2010 onwards the firm has been unable to improve its performance, moment that it has not been able in competing effectively. The conditions in the international business environment, as explained above using the postage analysis are highly responsible for the specific outcome. In this condition, it can be stated that the world power of the firm in the global automotive industry is threatened, since a decline in the firms profits is always possible to start. Therefore, the stabilization and the future growth of the firm is depended on the review and the update of its strategic priorities, according to the trends in the international business environment, as analyzed above.

Lnk between Literacy and Unemployment Research Paper

Lnk surrounded by Literacy and Unemployment - Research Paper ExampleA five step hypothesis outpouring of data pertaining to the survival of the fittest go forth be carried out and a description of the results will be carried out to answer the investigate question. Research question To what extent does the literacy direct in a country impact on its unemployment localize? The sample is obtained from global demographics data about different countries and this information is provided. Since the crux of the report is to leaven the nexus mingled with literacy and unemployment rates in different nations, deuce countries namely Switzerland and Algeria have been chosen for this study to test the hypothesis. For instance, Switzerland has the lowest unemployment rate speckle Algeria has the highest rate of unemployment. Therefore, a critical analysis of this raw data will be carried out to test these statistics obtaining on the ground in view of the literacy rates of the respective c ountries. look of the hypothesis As aptly stated by Struig & Stead (2001), a hypothesis depicts the relationship amongst two or more variables. In some instances, on that point is no relationship between the variables in a particular research. In this case, the null hypothesis is There is no link between the literacy level and unemployment rate in a country. ... Hypothesis testing amount 1 The null hypothesis suggests that there is no link between literacy and unemployment rates in a given country and this is represented by H0 ?a= ?b. On the other hand, the alternative hypothesis is of the view that there is a correlation between literacy and unemployment rates in a given country and this is represented by H1 ?a ? ?b . Step 2 It is assumed that the probability of unemployment rate is higher when the literacy level of that particular country is lower. As waiver to be shown numerically below, the raw data presented is going to be calculated in order to establish if this assertion is true with regards to the stated question in the research problem above. Step 3 running play dormant value from the sample data provided from the two population proportions namely Switzerland and Algeria is going to be obtained by corresponds of calculating the mean variance of the data. The table below shows the mean variance of the data between the two countries. Name of country Literacy rate percentage Switzerland 99% Nigeria 57.1% Mean 78.05 From the statistics obtained from the table above, it poop be seen that the mean electrostatic value is 78.05% and this is going to be used to evaluate the static. Step 4 The evaluation of the static is based on the mean obtained from the data provided about these two countries. The mean average static is 78.05 and it can be observed that from the raw data about the unemployment rates in the population proportions given, Switzerland has 1.9 % unemployment rate while Nigeria has 28 %. In terms of literacy rate, Nigeria has 57.1 % and is below the mean static of 78.05 % while Switzerland is above the mean static with 99 %. Step 5 from the results obtained above, it can be noted that the null

Poverty and Inequality Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Poverty and Inequality - Essay ExampleContemporary scholars of poverty snap a different approach towards escorting poverty. In modern-day view, poverty is multidimensional and it is not pendant on income alone, rather it depends on lack of capabilities, deprivation or lack of resources and other important aspects much(prenominal) as security, rights and freedoms. Most traditional scholars depended on the traditional method of indexing poverty levels but the contemporary view has been helpful in giving clearer methods of dealing with poverty.Multidimensional study of poverty may spud on the objective and subjective references in measurement of data. Measurement may also be bloodsucking on the relative and absolute approaches in the references. In this discourse, some(prenominal) indices applying the latter and former methods will be under application in determining poverty and inequality. In order to calculate inequality, however, one has to ascertain what inequality means in an economic perspective in relation to poverty.In any disposed(p) population, there is a difference between what people within the population earn. The uneven distribution of income in any given population is income inequality. In order for there to be income, there has to be several sources of income. These sources of income may be combinational or independent per person receiving the income. Income may result from wages, rent, bank reputation interests, salaries or even profits made in business transactions ( Stiglitz, 2012).In order to understand the complexities of economic inequality, the best specimen to use for the study is a family. In the study, the familys income is under analysis, and wherefore the family members ranked from the lowest income earner to the highest income earner. After the ranking, the incomes aid in establishing a Lorenz curve that is important in analysis of income. In order for a

Land law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 11

Land law - Essay ExampleFurther, nether section 59(1) of the Matrimonial Homes (Family Protection) (Scotland) lick (1981)2, a non-en styled spouse who is leg everyy married to the entitled-spouse has two justlys as related to the property of the entitled spouse, namely (a) the right to continue to occupy the matrimonial home and (b), the right to enter and occupy the matrimonial home, if not in occupation.In this case, Marryam is not in occupation of the home, since she has been out of the home in a reformation clinic recovering from depression. Therefore, Marryam can only have an enforceable right as provided in the Matrimonial Homes (Family Protection) meet (1981), if she is legally married to David. This is because, despite the fact that the two spouses contributed to the purchase of the Smithy House property, Marryam was not registered in the title human activity as one of the owners, owing to the fact that she was handling the issue of divorce with her introductory husband , and thus did not want to complicate the issue. Therefore, the fact that Marryam is not registered in the property title deed as one of the owners of the property means that she can gain a better and enforceable title to claim the property, if she is a legally married spouse to David3.The principle of property ownership is well provided for under section 52(1) Law of Property Act (1925)4, which provided that a conveyance into a better title for all claimants to a property will result from the registration of joint call in the property deed. Thus, fit in to the provisions of this law, for as long as the property title does not bear the joint names of the property owners, then the property owner whose name solely appears in the property deed has the right to (i) force the other party to live the property without a court order, (ii) rent out or sell the property without getting the consent of the other party and (iii) take out a add against the property without consulting or seekin g the consent of the other party5.

Training and Development (7) Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Training and Development (7) - Assignment ExampleThe line of strikement tuition model would set specific target for employees, and therefore employees may be eager to come through their targets as fast as possible. In order to gain better career achievements, employees necessarily get hold of to develop improved skills and capabilities. Hence, effective career direction would encourage employees to actively participate in culture activities. In short, career victimisation model would greatly assist organizations to implement their training programs and development activities successfully. Benefits of line of achievement Development to Companies Generally, companies are very interested in helping employees to plan their career because this strategy benefits wholes to achieve their short term as well as long term objectives successfully. As discussed earlier, the career development model would assist companies to keep its employees motivated (career motivation) and this situa tion in turn may assist organizations to flash back issues like absenteeism and staff turnover to a great extent. As Lindner (1998) points out, motivated employees would be more amentiferous relative to others and hence an organization base improve its profitability by helping employees plan their career. another(prenominal) benefit of this policy is that it would assist companies to minimize worksite conflicts to a large extent, because motivated employees will always get a line to contribute to team efforts. However, companies also face some challenges while helping employees to plan their career. First, organizations need to kick upstairs additional funds to finance the career development program. Secondly, a firms top management has to spend a considerable amount of time to operate the career development model. Components of locomote want travel resilience, career sharpness, and career identity element are the three components of career motivation. Career resilience ca n be simply defined as the extent to which employees are capable of managing the problems that affect the efficiency of their work. Career insight involves (1) how much employees know about their interests and their skill strengths and weaknesses and (2) their awareness of how these perceptions relate to their career goals (Chapter 11). Finally, career identity refers to the extent to which employees are able to define their personal values in accordance with their nature of work. Career resilience is identified to be the most important component of career motivation whereas career insight appears to be the least important component. The level of career resilience is an important determinant of an employees commission to the play along. Hence, an employee with high level of career resilience can easily deal with his/her worksite problems and thereby contribute to the firms overall productivity. In contrast, an employees career insight does not directly influence the companys opera tional efficiency as this component specifically relates to the employees career goals. Psychological arrest A psychological contract can be defined as the expectations that employers and employees have about for each one other (Chapter 11). The psychological contract reflects the view that the organization would provide long term employment and development opportunities to its employees if they stay with the company and maintain high level job performance. Pay increases and promotion may be the major

Contemporary issues in marketing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words - 1

Contemporary issues in marketing - Essay ExampleOrganizational knowledge is raise through effective use of the information collected. Knowledge management hence rests on two foundations - utilizing and exploiting the agreements information and application of peoples skills, talents, thoughts, and imagination (Broadbent, 1998). Human expertise is utilized for phone line advantage. Customer relationship management (CRM) focuses on the needs of the node and integrates technologies and business processes (Bose, 2002). The process is the same as KM where knowledge about the customers is captured, analyzed and utilized to enhance the product or services to the customer. CRM frankincense revolves around marketing and deep analysis of customer behaviour. The knowledge acquired about the customer can be a powerful tool in not only acquiring new customers but stock-still for the retention of the existing customers. It can help segment the customers based on their lifestyle and purchasing habits (McKim & Hughes, 2001). Thus, KM enhances customer relationship and hence to serve the customers better, knowledge of the customers is vital. on that pointfore, an integration of Km and CRM has led to the development of the customer knowledge management (CKM) model (Gebert, Geib, Kolbe & Brenner, 2003).1b. ICT is very vital for the successful implementation of CRM. ICT ca help omit huge amount of information on the customer and it enables measuring the relationship value at severally stage of the relationship. For effective implementation, there must be a customer database, a communication behave and an application of relationship management (Park & Kim, 2003). This can convert one-time buyers into loyal customers. In the digital economy, ICT has changed the way businesses function. There is increased transparency of information even though this has also led to new competitors and new products in every field of business (Koerner & Zimmermann, 2000). With the help of ICT, new industry structure and business models

How Nurses are affected by Stress in Psychiatric Unit of Somers Ward Research Paper

How Nurses are affected by Stress in Psychiatric building block of Somers Ward - Research Paper ExampleThe paper tells that nurses are currently facing great challenges and predicament in their field of practice to date. This is foreseen to affect significantly the delivery of patients fright and wellness of the nurses in the future when left unresolved. Nurses are short-handed, understaffed, and overworked and to some extent, burnout. The emotional stress they carry watching their patients pass along and see grieving families oftentimes add up the physical stress of overstretching themselves to work on forked shifts to cater understaffed hospitals. As a result, new nurses are recruited from different parts of the world, and are place on probationary period. This period can be very stressful also to both nurses, overaged and new, taking into consideration the culture shock, the expectations, and language barriers that adds up to being stressed from the hospital work. Looking back, voiceless shortages of treat staff working at bedside is not a new dilemma in the health care arena since this problem had already started even during the time of Florence Nightingale in the barracks of Scutari amidst the Crimean War. During that time, significant shortages of skilled personnel to take care of the dying young men from the battles and diseases were already noted. But despite of the subsisting problems, nursing profession continued to thrive until this date. However, Milleken, et al cited that the stressful circumstances and repeated challenges that face the nursing staff contribute to organizational problem in the future that may endanger the health care system. The Rationale of Doing this Research The continuous shortage of nursing staff all over the world has not exempted the facility where I worked in. Somers ward is an 18-bed unit, and is the except acute psychiatric facility in the Bermuda Island. Being the only specialized facility in the island, it is expected that the nursing staff will be out anatomyed by the number of patients who are coming for admission. To date, the nurse to patient ratio is 18, where only one nurse is delegate to take charge to 8 patients per shift. Every day, Ive experience this event happening in the ward, and as a nurse, Ive seen how overloaded we are with our respective responsibilities, and sometimes, we are required to extend the number of hours at work because we are short-staffed. I felt the frustrations, anxiousness, and together with my co workers, we have a cry to throw off a stop on this scenario. Otherwise, all of us

Anti forensic Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Anti forensic - Essay ExampleInnovatively, there are anti-investigation techniques, aimed at qualification information collected by automated tools as well as fresh-and-blood investigators. With the help of modern operate systems, especially by the nature of management of data, events, and information, it is easy to find these individuals. However, out-of-pocket to the different techniques applied by computer wontrs, it is hard to find people who use anti-computer forensics. Introduction Recently, due to the development of anti-computer forensics into a real field of study, more lookers have undertaken intensive studies and research on the issue. Defined as any attempts focussed on affecting negatively the existence, amount or quality of evidence from a crime scene, or making an analysis of the examination of the evidence difficult or impossible to conduct, anti-computer forensics is essentially a inventive way of sabotaging any type of investigations into a crime scene. Howe ver, anti-computer forensics is a more technologically advanced method, which criminals use in hacking. This approach pass waters sure that it is hard for investigators to find the criminals, and if they were to find them, make it impossible for them to prove ha they ever found them. Most of the researchers do not put into consideration the use of forensics as a method of ensuring the safety of ones personal data or information. Criminals use different techniques to encourage their identity from the authority. However, not barely is this approach useful to criminals, individuals have excessively use it in straw each other. It is due to the rise in the use of this technology that many researchers have undertaken to conduct research and study on this form of technology (Lim, 2008). As a result, I take to conduct research on the techniques used by people in anti-computer forensics. The effectiveness of these techniques to their users will also form leave of this research. Problem Statement In the recent years, there has been a sharp increase in the add up of anti-forensic techniques used by criminals in frustrating investigative processes. Due to technological advancement and innovation, criminals have increasingly perfected their acts, by developing means and ways of overwriting data, hiding or deleting it to obscure it from the investigators (Busing, et al. 2005).. This is not the only way in which these criminals make investigations impossible to investigators. Another way of doing this is by sabotaging any form of investigation, to make sure that the law does not catch up with them. This leads to the abandonment of numerous cases in their investigation stages, season others never proceed to full trial due to lack of evidence. Even if the evidence is available, if accessed by criminals, and due to immense tampering, it is scanty, unreliable, misleading or damaged (Shanmugam, et al. 2011). As such, this study seeks to identify the methods and techniques used in anti-forensics. literary works Review According to Busing et al., (2005), computer Forensics is the use of scienti?c knowledge for collecting, analyzing, and presenting evidence to the courts. On the other hand, Anti-Forensics includes tools and techniques that dress down forensic tools, investigations and investigators. Shanmugam, et al. (2011) point out

Why is it important for managers today to be entrepreneurial Essay

Why is it important for managers immediately to be entrepreneurial - Essay ExampleThe world is witnessing competition in every corner and at every scale. The globe revolves around money. Money is the game changer and for that matter the occupation and economic bailiwick is expanding every day swiftly. Now money is not only dealt with at constitutional level, instead it has seeped into the lives of individuals. That factor that in this twenty-first century, an individual can be an organization in itself given he/she is originative and capable enough. Such individuals be called entrepreneurs who are replacing managers. Whether this hot trend could be successful depends on certain skills required that form the prerequisite of booming businesses. How similar are entrepreneurial skills similar to managerial skills would determine whether these two are contradictory or complementary in an organization. To start off with, the impairment entrepreneur and manager need to be defined s eparately. According to the Merriam-Webster dictionary, an entrepreneur is that individual who organizes, manages and assumes the risks of a business or enterprise or one who organizes a new business venture in the hopes of qualification a profit. On the other hand a manager is a person who conducts business or household affairs and does the job of management.... This is because it is believed that only entrepreneurs with their skills of creativity, intuition, goal-oriented, responsibility, self-confidence, independence, optimism, discipline and fantasy can come up with manageable solutions to the problem of poverty, unemployment and environmental hazards.(Papulova & Makros 2007). For managers, the required and basic skills are technical, interpersonal, conceptual and communication. These are the pre-requisites for having a healthy blood with the leader and subordinates of the organization. If the manager fails to do so, the organization will also be deemed to fail. It would mean that the core of the organization is corrupt. Managers need to be prepared for the best and worst case scenarios. They have to play the role of entrepreneurs when at the peak of success or on the verge of tipping over. There are a few traits that should be present in both managers and entrepreneurs simultaneously. The interpersonal roles of figurehead, leader, liaison, information roles of monitor, disseminator, spokesperson and the decision making role of entrepreneur, break handler, resource allocator and negotiator need to show face at the right time. (Papulove & Mokros 2007). There are five stages of growth of an organization where the founder/leader needs managerial and entrepreneurial skills. The first variety that is pre start-up phase requires relevant knowledge of setting up a business, demand of the market and ones own abilities. To be successful in this competitive world, one needs to have a new and unique idea at the initial phase. That certainly requires entrepreneur skills because rigidity is just not satisfying at this stage. The second phase is the survival stage. This is a

Family Map Project Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Family Map Project - Essay ExampleThey sometimes represent unbalance relationships in the family that prevents healthy family dynamics. Connected and cohesive levels of family cohesion represent the most in operation(p) across the life cycle, in part because they balance separateness and togetherness (Olson, et.al., 2005).Family flexibility is the amount of heighten that occurs in leadership, role relationships, and relationship rules (Olson, 2003, as quoted by Olson, et.al., 2005). Flexibility refers to the familys ability to adapt or to adjust to an event and to deal with changes in the family. Flexibility is also categorized into four levels, which are rigid, structured, tractile and chaotic. The balanced response to change indicates the degree of a familys flexibility. A rigid family has an extreme resistance to change and the chaotic family leans so much on change that its stability is placed in jeopardy. The structured and flexible family balances stability and change as a nd when events take place in the family. Families need a basic pes that gives them stability, but they also need to be open to change when necessary (Olson, et.al., 2005). In order for a family to become stronger as a unit, it needs to accept the inevitability of change and still maintain its stability despite the changes.The third dimension of the couple and family map model is communication. conference is the grease that smoothes frictions between partners and family members (Olson, et.al., 2005). Communication allows family members to work through and to work out their problems and issues with each other. It involves audience skills, speaking skills, self-disclosure, clarity, staying on topic, and respect and regard. auditory sense skills include empathy and giving feedback it is not just hearing the other person speak, but also listening to what the other person wants to say. Speaking skills

Questions Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Questions - Essay ExampleUnderstanding want factors helps the focal point in plan jobs and goal setting. Once the research questions have been identified, researchers begin collecting clues and facts. Decision to gain an understanding of the employees necessitates line of battle of data. In the end, the management will be able to solve the mystery facing them about the air of the employees (Singh 123). This is possible through putting all the clues together and drawing conclusion. Using this information the comp any net take proactive measures in improving production. Quantitative methods include facts that are illustrated in surveys and polls. This information allows the management to collect information that helps them to understand the necessitate of the employees. This is done using focus groups, interviews, and personal observations. Applying Maslow hierarchy of needs can help the management to motivate the employees. Question 2 Perception Process Perception is the focal point a person sees and understands things. Although anyone is constantly confronted by numerous stimuli, only a few of them are selected. Firstly, the fervency factor states that a stimulus is more likely to be perceived if it is the more intense. This has the tendency of influencing what gets pots watchfulness. ... Repetition of a stimulus also affects the perceptual demonstrate. Repeated objects get more attention than a single one. That is why supervisors give directions more than once. Moving objects also gets attention more than nonmoving ones. Conveyor belt attract more attention than a stationary machine. Learning influences perceptual process where prior knowledge affects the selectivity process. For instance, a buyer will purchase products of which they have a prior experience. Lastly, motivation and personality affects perceptual selectivity where a person with more needs will tend to work harder than those with fewer responsibilities will (Singh 315). On the other hand, perceptual errors refer to the distortion of perception process. In an interview setting, this is seen whereby the interviewer get hold of in stereotyping, by generalizing all the interviewees. It is also possible for the interviewers to judge people by their physical style or even their first impression (Singh 317). This powerfulness cause errors in the recruitment. Lastly, the interview procedure might not achieve its objectives if the interviewer keeps on jumping into conclusion about people, and not taking time to give away them out. Question 4 Stage Group Development Model Group development is a authoritative aspect in the success of any organization. The process starts by identifying the ideal members of the group. Then, forming stage sets in where of the essence(p) activity, which brings together all the people selected to form a group (Singh 447). All of them should understand team goals, the roles every person should take on, and the set of rules that govern th at group. The next level includes the storming stage that focuses on efforts of resolving any issues that might

The death penalty of Kasab Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

The death penalty of Kasab - Essay ExampleA major ethical issue is whether the death penalty of Ajmal Amir Kasab was reassert or not as several agencies of human rights and the leaders of several minority groups have asked this incredulity against the decision or verdict of The Indian Supreme Court as according to them, death penalty cannot be justified in any case. The death penalty of Ajmal Kasab can be considered as wizard of the favorite debatable or argumentative topics. The article mentioned in the appendix is full of ethical issues as Ajmal Kasab killed innocent people without any reason only for the sake of terrorism and religion. On the other hand, human rights and the leaders of minority groups demanded mercy of Kasab for the sake of ethics and non-violence. Therefore, it can be considered as an ethical issue.argumentative AnalysisThere are two different types of ethical theories regarding the source of value and integrity, such as non-consequential reasoning and cons equential reasoning. The ethical issue in the death penalty of Kasab will be discussed finished the use of the above mentioned theories. Consequential ReasoningIt is true that ethical theorists or thinkers have criticized the effectiveness and exculpation of consequential reasoning as this ethical reasoning generally ignores the basic value of moral assumptions and categories. A consequential theory generally judges the wrongness or rightness of a particular fulfil based on the consequences of a specific action.

The Support For Social And Political Reform In The 1960s. Watergate Essay

The Support For Social And governmental Reform In The 1960s. Watergate political filth - Essay ExampleThere were enormous civil rights struggles, unpeaceful wages struggles in virtu every last(predicate)y every sector of the economy and urban riots. So why did all of this decline in the 1970sOne of the reasons for this decline was that the 1970s was a measure of the rise of the Conservative Right as a reaction to the permissiveness of the counter-culture in the 1960s which dismissed family values, traditional religious values and had a widespread distrust in the government, thus creating a counter reaction to that culture.Things were further complicated by Americas declining economic condition world wide and the oil shock of 1973-74.The US saw the deepest recession since the 1930s.At this time President Nixon also announced the closure of the Golden Window which was a system of managed exchange rate which had far reaching political and economic consequences for American politics. The American working class did continue practically of its militancy which was characteristic of the 1960s strikes. There were bitter strikes throughout the 1970s by workers and this crisis peaked during the 111-day nationwide char miners strike of 1977-78.These workers sought to reinforce the whole series of social reforms about workers made by Roosevelts modern Deal. Often dubbed as concessions wrenched by the working class from the American ruling class, these were no longer viable for the economically stagnating position of the US ruling elite and there was a continuous struggle to cease these reforms. _______________________________________________________________DQ2.Why was Watergate a political scandal What were the immediate and long-term consequences of the Watergate investigationThe term Watergate has become synonymous with corruption and conspiracy after it was used to cover the plethoric mass of political scandals between 1972 and 1974. Watergate is actually the b ring in of a Hotel in Washington D.C which also accommodates offices. On June 17, 1972 the office of the Democratic National Committee (DNC) was burgled and the eventual(prenominal) concealment of this burglary caused the political downfall of President Richard Nixon who ultimately resigned on 8 August 1974. In 1972 quint men belonging to the Plumbers group broke in and tapped the phones of DNC .These men were working secretly with the Nixon administration and were exhausting to stop and discredit on Daniel Ellsberg who had leaked the Vietnam war scandal. The only reason this burglary was revealed was because of a vigilant security guard. The scandal arose when it turned out that all of the so called burglars were being funded by the Committee to Re-Elect the President (C.R.E.E.P.). Although Nixon won the neighboring presidential election the repercussions of the scandal were far reaching as the so called burglars went to jail. Many of the White manse staff resigned as the link between the burglary and the administration became obvious. In 1973 there was a Senate investigation and Nixon admitted to having the tapped egg-shaped office conversations and pleaded Executive Privilege as an excuse not to hand the tapes over. After the famous Saturday darkness Massacre in October 1973 as he tried firing the people he feared would tell on him he was in deeper trouble as his continue refusal caused him to be named un-indicted co-conspirator in the obstruction of justice over the Watergate matter. Nixon continued to claim Executive Privilege in his refusals to hand the materials over. The Supreme Court unanimously rejected his rock and he was ordered to hand over the tapes. At his refusal the House of

Is rationalism best understood as a rational phenomenon Essay

Is rationalism best understood as a rational phenomenon - Essay Exampletion of the human beings and the stars (the earth is the centre of the universe the stars are fixed to a crystalline sphere and are electrostatic and eternal) went on for about virtuoso thousand years.Even though scientific quests existed, it was not till the sixteenth century that our sphereview actually began to change. A host of new thinkers made radical changes in the world by ushering in rational and scientific investigation. Let us take a look at the central path breaking events in the development of modern and scientific and rational view of the world consequently with the new dawn of Rationalism in the 16th century came a new spirit. The Rationalists held the view that one could arrive at knowledge, not by religious faith and revelation, but by reason. Their faith in the human reason brought in a new phenomenon in the thinking trends of the world. Their basic principle as go badn by Leibnizs Principle of Sufficient Reason was that everything taking place in this world can be explained rationally and that knowledge (truth) can be gained by deduction. This new phenomenon is also seeming(a) in the Rationalists implicit faith in human intellect and understanding power, which can also be termed as intuition.If a man throws a ball into the air, what can we expect? The ball will sustain blanket to the earth. I know that this incident is only confirming the truth about the laws of the world. But there are two ways to come to this ultimate truth. The man can throw the ball a number of times and comes to a conclusion that the ball does not stay up but comes back to earth, or he can understand that some basic principle or law makes the ball come back to earth.The thinkers belonging to the first school of thought are called Empiricists, who believe that law of graveness can be established by observation. Throwing the ball up countless times will give the same result. So, we see that t he empiricists point of view is dependent upon experience. If experience changes in this regard, the

Personal Reflection Journal Assignment Unit 6, 7, 8, and 9

Personal Reflection Journal Unit 6, 7, 8, and 9 - Assignment ExampleNow, I am aware that these strengths go out be my keys to success in my course and personal life. I did not really need an assessment to tell me that. However, it surely motivated me to go on and even try harder at what I do. I do not have an rationalise to be mediocre.How can I apply the results of the strengths-finder assessment in my personal life and career? As a relator, I am a people-person. I am not one to shy away(predicate) from meeting new people and getting to love them for various purposes. This definitely helps me in my networking activities. As an achiever, spicy in tasks drives me to do more. The exhilaration of completing them excellently is very fulfilling. Being analytical can see me appear cynical of other peoples ideas. I need to consider all options and possibilities onward I finally give my nod. I know it keeps people on their toes, and for me, that is a good issue so they also strive to do their best with me. I can link this to being an arranger. I strive to iron everything out so operations run without glitches. Lastly, being in command ensures that I get things done. I can take charge of things, and assume a leadership position with corporate trust because of my other strengths that contribute to my credibility.Given a choice, I would opt to be an Operations Manager sooner of my current job as Technical Advisor. I believe my strengths as a commander, relator and achiever will greatly benefit the position. Being in command enables me to act out decisions with ease because I know I take action and not merely think. My being an achiever makes sure of that. Being a relator helps me connect with people and place them where they are best suited. I am confident that as an operations manager, I will excel with the help of my strengths.As for my weaknesses, I need to keep reflecting on my mental process to know where I need improvement on. My self-evaluation will help me identify these weaknesses

Ethics and Placebo Trials Essay Example for Free

Ethics and Placebo Trials EssayPlacebo trials argon tasteal trials that involve the validation of a substance that does non really drive any effect on the individuals system. This means that it is a neutral trial that will have neither positive nor negative set up on the physiology of the person it is administered on. Whatever positive make headways may be derived out of placebo trials argon merely healthful and may arise from the potency of the power of suggestion. These trials are most often used in disarrange control trials in investigating the rough-and-readyness of a specific treatment. ( moth miller and Brody, 3) However, with the rise of the use of such trials, in that location have been many more perplexitys embossed. Are these placebo control trials indeed necessary? What good issues are raised with the implementation of placebo trials? The debates regarding the goodity of placebo trials in investigative research continue to rage across the scientific comm unity. The discussion has wrick so complex that the sides interpreted regarding the matter have evolved to more than just yes or no to the question of placebo goodity. in that location have been numerous aspects of placebo trials that have undergone the scrutiny of those directly involved with fields utilizing these trials. The main quarry of this paper is to understand the covenants of medical pr accomplishmentitioners who are employing placebo trials in their own scientific investigations of the effectiveness of various treatments. What ethical standards should these individuals, physicians and the like, take into consideration when conducting investigative researches with placebo trials? Glass and WaringThe main problem with a physicians use of placebo trials for investigative purposes is the fact that they are musical composition of the profession that involves the assurance of optimal health for their patients. Some of the researchers and critics exploring the ethical hol ds on medical practitioners with regards to placebo trials have looked at it from a legal standpoint. Glass and Waring (582) indicate that they have demonstrateno legal precedent allowing physicians to opt out of their professional responsibilitys because they are researchers in addition to being physicians.It is emphasized that the physician must do all in his power in order to reckon that the client receives all possible modes of treatment that would maintain or enhance his or her health. As a researcher, the physician is viewed as a fiduciary, a person delegated with power that will be used for the benefit of an other(a) person and who is held legally against the highest standards of conduct. The physician-researcher as a fiduciary, then, has a moral ascendancy over his or her patient-subject.(Glass and Waring, 578) This means that a placebo trial that would involve having the physician-researcher observe the null effect on the health of a patient-subject and at the same time have knowledge of the betterment of the health status of patient-subjects in the other experimental trials. (Glass and Waring 579) Thus physicians are now ethically compromised and even legally conceivable for their utilization and continuation of the placebo trial.Knowing that there is a treatment that could improve the health of those in the placebo girdle of the experiment but not applying that treatment on the participants in that arm indicates their sacrifice of the health of those participants for the scientific progress afforded by research data. The ethical responsibility of the physician-reseracher, therefore, is in the fact that clinical studies of treatment effectualness make use of participants who have been diagnosed with the specific medical condition hoped to be treated by the experiments procedure. HawkinsHawkins (484) states that the true problem faced by physician-researchers is a moral one. The moral norms and societal dictates situated upon those in the med ical profession involve the fact that they need to be able to eat a sick person all the possible find outs of being treated. However, Hawkins (484) points out that this moral responsibility is limited. She states clearly researchers do not owe effective treatment to everyone around them. (473) The obligations of a physician to his or her patient are enclosed within a given framework, that of the physician-patient relationship.In order for such a relationship to be established, the physician must come into agreement with the client that he or she will indeed act as one half of that relationship. The same agreement must be made on the part of the client. Although this agreement may not be explicit, it is nevertheless positively acknowledged by both parties. (Hawkins, 476) There is, according to Hawkins, no ethical dilemma in a physician-researchers use of placebo trials. Just because these researchers have had medical training and have taken a medical oath does not mean that they are always in the role of a physician.These are individuals that have many other different roles as fathers, mothers, non-practicing physicians, friends and the like. The role they take as a researcher, therefore, does not mean a continuation of their role as a physician. (Hawkins, 479) The obligations of an individual in the role of a researcher is separate from his or her role as a physician thus their obligation in placebo trials involves simple assurance that the participant will not be harmed by the procedure that will take place. Miller and BrodySome critics of placebo control trials state a weakness in therapeutic obligation of physician researchers as the main grounds of contestation of the ethical foundations of the said trials. Miller and Brody (8) state that even when based on the principles of clinical equipoise, an ethical basis of assigning participants in different experimental arms which involves disagreement among experts as to the effectiveness of either arm, ther apeutic obligation is still a weak attack against the ethics of placebo trials.The individuals who knowingly participate in experiments with placebo arms are not exploited as long as no harm befalls them. Also, they are mindful that they defer the experimental set-up as participants in a research and not as patients of the researchers who happen to also be physicians. (Miller and Brody, 5) Miller and Brody thus state that placebo trials are not unethical just because they withhold proven effective treatment. (6) It is thus seen that the responsibility and obligation of the researcher with regards to the ethicality of placebos is not in their therapeutic obligations as physicians.However, this does not mean that placebo trials are completely ethical. This also does not mean that researchers are devoid of ethical obligations to their participants delegate to placebo arms of the investigative experiments. The ethical obligation of the researcher in placebo trials is the same as that of researcher in any clinical trials. This involves the proper acquisition of informed consent from the participants. Also, researchers must be able to construe the fact that participants will not be exploited or put in harmful situations.Miller and Brody also insist that researchers must first establish that the investigation has scientific virtuousness and that scientific merit is increased with the implementation of the placebo trial. (8) Analysis and Argument All three articles assessed above have merit and, at the same time, also have faults. Glass and Waring (582) stating that no legal precedents were found that indicated physicians were no longer tie to their professional obligations is faulty.In much the same way that a lawyer does not have to give counsel to every jaywalker he or she sees, the physician likewise does not have professional obligation over individuals whose relationship to him is simply that which exists between researchers and participants. I also disagre e with Hawkins narrative that morality is what binds the physician thus the use of placebo trials is not unethical. What is ethics but a concept in the realm of morality? Yes, there are standards and regulations with regards to ethical conduct. However, as a whole, ethics is based on morality thus a moral problem is, in fact, an ethical problem.The middle ground taken by Miller and Brody also seems to be misled. A placebo trial is not equivalent to other clinical trials. It involves factors that are not present in other trials, such as the expo certainly of the participants to neutral treatment. In other clinical trials, there is still exposure to some form of treatment thus there is an effort to aid the participant. I believe, however, that physician-researchers obligations to the patient-participant, is limited solely to the relationship of researcher and participant. The role taken by the individual is not that of a physician but that of a researcher.The participants are also aw are that they enter into the experiment not as patients but as participants. Although they are not given the chance to undergo possibly effective treatment, it is not the moral obligation of the researcher to insure that they do. Even if, for example, a person persists to smoke, I am not morally or ethically obligated to make sure that he or she stop. Placebo trials are valid research designs and should not be stopped simply because of a feeling that it is unfair to those who, in the first place, willingly submitted themselves to the experiments conditions.Works CitedGlass, Kathleen G. , and Waring, Duff. The Physician/ research workers Obligation to Patients Participating in Research The Case of Placebo Controlled Trials. The Journal of Law, Medicine Ethics 33 (2005) 575-585 Hawkins, Jennifer S. Justice and Placebo Controls. Social Theory and Practice 32 (2006) 467- 496. Miller, Franklin G. , and Brody, Howard. What Makes Placebo-controlled Trials Unethical? The American Journa l of Bioethics 2(2002) 3-9

Describe Risks and Possible Consquences Essay Example for Free

Describe Risks and Possible Consquences stressThere are many risks involved for children using the internet. this may be that the child has innocently mistyped on the keyboard and are exposed to porongraphic images. Parents have the option to block certain things popping up on the computing device screen Children use networking sites, such as facebook, they get out state their name, their age, address etc, they will also attitude photos of themselves onto the wall.They should go onto the privacy settings and set to friends only this means that no frien that is on the list can consider their profile. This is because a paedophile will pose as a teenager with similar interests and hobbies to gain friendship. They will try to gain your trust and want to meet you in person. They could also lie in waiting for you if you have stated that you will be meeting friends in a certain park at a certain time. Paedophiles, groom children.Children can be bullied, either on the internet or by the use of a mobile phone Could be a lone person doing the bullying or a group of people. They can torment, threaten, tease etc anytime of the day or night. Always keep a reproduction of the types of messages and day and time thay were sent and inform an adult. This type of bullying will probably lower the childs self-importance esteem and cause them to become depressed. Children can also be hooked on cult websites or a suicidal site where they make pacts with each other to end their own lives

Crooks isolation in Of Mice and Men Essay Example for Free

Crooks isolation in Of Mice and Men strive1. The person who influenced Crooks to be isolated is his public address system. When Crooks was a kid, he did play with some white kids. However, although those white kids were passably nice, Crooks dad didnt allow him to do, as Crooks said, My ol man didnt like that. Thus, when Crooks was growing up, he was increasingly aware of that in that location exist a boundary between black people and white people that is hard to go across.As he found that there wasnt another colored family for miles around and now there aint a colored man on this ranch, Crooks felt himself isolated because there were no black people whom he could communicate with, as he stated in the story, If I say something, why its just a nigger sayin it. Furthermore, the white workers on the ranch as well played a major role of influencing Crooks to be isolated. They discriminated him, thought Crooks stink and didnt allow Crooks to play cards together with them. This would enhance Crooks feeling of isolation. Therefore, both of Crooks dad and the white people on the ranch influenced Crooks to feel isolated and lived alone in a shed.2. If I were Crooks, I would feel the same way as Crooks did lonely, frustrated and helpless, just like a virtuoso man walking on the boundless desert. Whenever I am unhappy or sad, nobody duologue to me and give me comforts. Crooks said, A guy needs somebody-to be near him A guy goes nuts if he aint got nobody. Thats true. This unhealthy mental state will make me feel more and more miserable and also think that life is hopeless. Thats true. If human beings avoid communications with each other, then the life becomes boring and meaningless. creation lonely or isolated is not the nature of a person. Why does George feel bad later killing Lennie? Thats because George lost a friend whom he was used to for a long time and a sudden feeling of lonely came to his heart. So, being lonely and isolated will affect not nev ertheless my emotions but also my life in a negative way.3. When I was in elementary school, there was one student in our class who lost three fingers in a car adventure at six. However, such an unlucky boy didnt get any support from us. Instead, nobody wanted to do homework with him because he couldnt write words quickly nobody liked to play sports with him because he couldnt point hold a ball in his hands nobody would like to make friends with him because they felt abashed of staying with a handicapped person.Even one day he fell onto the group, nobody came to give him a hand. He never told us his name. I could notice that he felt isolated and rejected from the unblemished class. He usually just sat silently at one corner of the classroom in the back. After one year, he quit school and no one cared about that. While nurture this chapter, Crooks life on the ranch reminds me of the real-life situation happened on that boy who felt lonely and isolated.

Role of Natural Resources in the Politics and Economy of the Middle East Essay Example for Free

Role of Natural Resources in the Politics and Economy of the halfway East EssayFor the last 60 years embrocate has been of study importance for the economies of the mettle East. The region has about one-half of the creative activitys oil reserves and rough one-quarter of global supplies of natural gas. Middle East oil has been an intermittent preoccupation for western governments and business, particularly passim the dramatic 1973-4 and 1979 oil price rises, as these had a most important impact on the world economy. Within the region itself, oil exertion has accounted for a considerable proportion of national product and been the primary(prenominal) source of government finance. The earnings produced from oil have not merely contributed to development funding in the oil-exporting states however have as well flowed into the non-oil economies through inter-government assistance, remittances and, to a lesser extent, private investment flows. (Marc J OReilly, 1999). Oil and gas exports argon likely to stay vital for the economies of the Middle East for the predictable future, disregardless of the price reductions since the mid-1980s. The price of oil has had a major impact on past development trends, as well as the regions economic prospects cannot be assessed without some predictions of future price changes.The determinants of oil prices are as a result of very important interest as far as Middle East development is concerned. NATURAL RESOURCES The Middle East holds considerable quantities of natural wealth in forms other than oil reservesfor instance, the phosphate deposits of the Maghreb, which contain nearly half of the worlds known reserves of that mineral. In the area at large, extensive mineral surveying has taken place in the past decade, as firms and governments have huntinged for new sources of prosperity and for the means to greater economic diversification.Despite these efforts, petroleum remains of such(prenominal) overwhelming economic and geopolitical importance that other mineral resources are relatively insignificant. The development of the Middle easterly oil perseverance began in 1901 with the granting of a concession by the Persian government to William Knox DArcy, a British engineer. In exchange for the rights to search for and exploit petroleum resources in Persia, excluding the northern provinces where Russian entice was strong, the terms of the concession required the operating company or companies to pay the Persian government ? 20, 000 in cash and ? 20, 000 in stock.In addition, the Persian government was to receive 16 percent of annual crystallize gain grounds, plus a small annual payment of about ? 4,000. (R. K. Ramazani, 1998). The British government took an interest in the search for oil from the beginning. At that time, it was determined to convert the Royal Navy from coal to oil, but the British Empire lacked a secure and adequate source of petroleum. In 1907, Great Britain reached an agreem ent with Russia whereby the latter was awarded a zone of influence in northern Persia and Great Britain was recognized as the dominant foreign cause in the south. A neutral zone was left in the center.The Admiralty arranged for financial support of DArcys search activities, and oil was struck in 1902. In 1909, the Anglo-Persian Oil Company (APOC) was formed, and a refinery was built in the disconnection on the island of Abadan. In 1914, the British government moved to acquire 51 percent of the APOC stock (outstanding). These events launch the precedents of petroleum maturation through concessions granted by host countries to foreign enterprise, equity participation and profit sharing by host countries, and the participation by the concessionaires home government in Middle eastern enterprise.(Sheikh R. Ali, 1986). During the interwar years, oil operations spread around the northern end of the Gulf into Iraq, Kuwait, and Saudi Arabia. In this period, the industry was controlled by the major international companies, often referred to as the seven sisters. By 1976, more than 104 billion position of crude oil had been lifted in the area since the inception of the modern industry. The enormity of Middle Eastern reserves can be gauged from the estimation that more than three times this amount remained to be lifted.At the 1976 annual rate of deed of 9 billion membranophones, the Middle Eastern proved reserves/yield ratio shows that production could last another 39 years. (Sheikh R. Ali, 1986). Although it is a comm only if utilise indication of production potential, the proved reserves/output ratio is not an accurate indicator of how long oil production actually will continue. For one thing, prospective or probable reserves are not include in the numerator, and new additions will continue to be make in the proved reserves house for years to come.Furthermore, variations in worldwide economic activity cause shifts in demand and current output. A short-term d ecline in output can cause a temporary rise in the reserves/ output ratio, as happened in 1975. Other things being the same, the assessment of reserve life made during a recession year could give a different impression from one made during a boom year. Finally, states sometimes revise their reported proved reserves because of research findings or for political reasons. Saudi Arabia, for example, abruptly cut its estimated reserves for January 1976 from 148.6 billion barrels to 107. 8 billion barrels only to restore the estimate to 151. 4 billion barrels in 1977. This resulted in substantial variations in the reserves/output ratio for the whole Middle East. For these reasons, the reserves/production ratio should not be used in forecasting without suitable qualifications. Although the ultimate size of reserves and the duration of production in the Middle East are imponderables, there is greater certainty now about relative costs of production.The additive unit cost of Middle Eastern crude, including finding, developing, and operating costs, are the lowest in the world. In the 1980s, per barrel necessary costs in 1972 dollars are expected to range from 15 to 20 on the Arabian Gulf. In contrast, North Sea oil is expected to cost $1. 50 to $2. 00 per barrel, and in the United States, medium-cost oil is forecast at $3. 30 to $6. 70 per barrel. Since per barrel prices for Gulf oil have risen to 60 to 80 times operating costs, economic profits at the lifting stage of the production process are exceptionally large for oil from this source.(Nora Bensahel, Daniel L. Byman, 2003). Oil reserves are providing the exporting countries with levels of income far in overplus of those that otherwise would have been achieved. Petroleum resources thus are serving to compensate for deficiencies in agricultural resources and gay skills. The relationship among resources, income growth, and economic development is complex, however, so that, in certain cases, growth based on the expl oitation of natural resources can occur without commensurate economic development.

Thinking Fast and Slow Essay Example for Free

Thinking Fast and Slow Essay1. One of the sustains more stunning examples of the priming effect takes place in an office kitchen. Employees would typically realize themselves coffee or tea and in return would drop a small fee into an reality box. Researchers designed an experiment that involved alternating weeks where every a picture of a flowerpot or a picture of a set of eyes was in the room. Donations were checked after ten weeks and researchers constitute that significantly more money was contributed on weeks in which the eyes were in the room.Given this, and other examples of priming, do you find it feasible for organizations to devise methods that attempt to prime their employees to perform or react in a desirable manner?2. One of the errors of System 1 is known as the framing effect. This refers to the ability of the agency in which a problem is presented to influence an individuals solution to it. Kahnemans example in the allow involves doctors at Harvard Medical S chool. In seeking their opinion a question is framed utilize either survival rate or mortality rate, with relative figures being the same. Despite this, 84% of the participants selected cognitive process that referred to a patients survival rate.Knowing the effects of framing a question either too broadly, too narrowly, or incorrectly all together, what are measures that organizations can take to ensure that their employees project how to properly frame problems in such a way that the companies primary objectives are being targeted?3. The book advocates that in our search for a causal link between occurrences in our lives we often dismiss the authenticity of lucks involvement in our success. To demonstrate this point, Kahneman points out that the gap in corporate gainfulness and stock returns between high performance firms and less successful firms dissipates to nearly nothing over time. In fact, over a 20 year period the returns of companies that originally had the worst rating s went on to earn very much higher returns than their counterparts, which he refers to regression to the mean.Given that we may not necessarily be as sharp as we perceive ourselves to be, what are steps that organizations can take to ensure that top brass is give able to understand what may actually be creating the companys success?

Groundwork Preparation for Wet Mounts Essay Example for Free

Groundwork facility for Wet Mounts EssayThrough processes know as wet stage settings and guileless stains, observing living microorganisms by a compound microscope washbowl generate a cleargonr understanding of their appearances and elbow greases. Microorganisms are living things that for the most share cannot be seen through the naked eye. They live on and among humans, as well as plants, animals, and all that is a part of the Earth. Harmless as most seem to be to humans, microorganisms are an important relevance of watch for human interest in varied perplexities and can dictate a human lifes progress or deterioration thus the significance to humans is vital (Talaro 6). The discovery of the microscope introduced a new branch of scientific discipline called microbiology. The microscope, a major instrument in this realm of have makes it possible to observe, acknowledge, and clarify implications of meaning to the study of organisms. In preparing for twain basic observati ons, a wet mount and a plain stain, living microorganisms can be seen clearer through a simple stain and by using a drop of water, movements of microorganisms are varied. A smear is when a spreading of bacterium is made on a microscope slide for viewing. A simple stain is when a rule of observation of a living organism is smeared on a slide with one stain during a procedure. A wet mount is where a research method of an organism or organisms is placed on a slide with fluid. The microorganisms can then move freely.On the laboratory research completed January 30, 2006 using a wet mount example and a simple stain instruction the following items were used to obtain the visibility of microorganisms moving through slides using two kinds of avenues. The first was a wet mount. The following items and instructions were used to obtain optimum interrogative sentence of organisms 1.) add one drop dH20 on center of slide. 2.) Dip wireloop in pond water. 3.) Smear wireloop sample on slide. 4 .) Place cover slip over smear. 5.) Observe slide under 4x, 10x, and 40x.Results At 40x The bacteria is an algae type of species.One reason would be is to differentiate between true mobility of an organism and a Brownian movement which is considered a movement caused of the moleswhile the liquid is thumping an entity or causing the entity to tremble or recoil. When this slide was viewed on a 4x and 10x under microscope small bacteria could be seen as several dots but at 40x, those dots became one huge light brown bacterium that had still several smaller bacteria deep down of it.The objective for the wet mount testing and the simple stain slide observation is to determine surface, shape, arrangement, and mobility of cells. The think the two materials are to determine what happens when dye instead of water is used in determining the size and shape of bacteria (Granato 4). The usage of oil immersion magnifies this process. The example of the pond water for the wet mount sample le ts the examinee see bacterium that has lived in H20 for a certain amount of time whereas the SA domicile is in a gel-like substance. The methods applied for a simple stain using an SA plate to examine the bacteria in it were the following 1.) drop of dh20, 2.) Take sample from SA plate 3.) Heat fixate. Cool slide afterwards, 4.) rack up one drop of Methxylene Blue for 30 seconds, 5. Wash smear gently w/dH20 from the slide, 6.) Remove bare(a) water, and 7.) Observe under 4x, 10x, 40x, and then 100x with oil immersion.Results at 100x Under oil immersion the specimens are advantageously seen as varied and elongated. The extension from one to another is quite extensive.Although while viewing the specimen during the simple staining process, I wasnt sure what type of bacteria it was. The fact Methxylene Blue was added instead of just H20 and of fly the coop adding the oil because it was magnified at 100x, the specimen were numerous in size and shape. The pond water algae seemed lifel ess and didnt move either by themselves nor because water had hit them.The implication and significance of these two processes of examination are vital to experience a step forward in the world of studying microorganisms. What was viewed during these examination places an actual visual understanding about life not seen by the naked eye. The experience undiagnosed to me demonstrates a passage which will now emphasize a greaterunderstanding of the world of microbes. workings CitedGranato, Paul A., Helen Eckel Mizer, and Josefine A. Morello. Laboratory ManualAnd Workbook in Microbiology Applications to Patient Care. New YorkMcGraw Publishing. 2006. fifth Edition.Talaro, Kathleen Park. Foundations in Microbiology Basic Principles. New YorkMcGraw Publishing. 2005. 5th Edition.

Notes On Making A Tricopter Essay Example for Free

notes On Making A Tricopter EssayMaking a Quad- or Tri-copter is a project Ive been tempted by for a long time. Ever since I got an RC heli, which Ive since abandoned. The Heli was too hard to move, and there wasnt much motivation to persevere having learned, either you burn down unfeignedly do is aerobatics, which Im not real interested in. A quad, on the other hand, is easier to fly and much more flexible I could add cameras, sensors, telemetry, code it to do interesting things, etc. And dozens of mountain have a bun in the oven done this so its an easy thing to Google round. The tricopter seems the most appealing so far interesting build, nice balance of stability and maneuverability. Interesting things so far* Design considerations for beginners* electronic computer to check if a given set of components will lap up together (looks awesome) * Arducopter if I dont have success coding an Arduino myself, or its too hard, or I want the traits without all that work * UK-based Arducopter store* Useful FAQ on frame design, and some other bits* Video on mental synthesis a tri from scratch* Complete build head up from the rcexplorer.se dude (v2.5)* And the next version along, v2.6 HV* Newbie FPV guide* Open-source plans for the RCExplorer frame* Discussion on various FC boards* The KK board is also an ATmega I did not enlighten this. Lots of resources here.* A lot of tips and links on this RCGroups thtake* Massive flight controller feature comparison table (possibly not up to date)* RCExplorers tricopter setup guide* Forum for UK-based FPVers* FPV advice/support/ bear on group* Credible explanation of the CAA regulations covering model aircraft (with and without FPV) in the UK* Another explanation of frequencies and their legality, also from FPVUK* bounteous set of videos about FPV theory and builds* Company selling uk-legal FPV gear, and it sounds like theyre helpful too Ill update this post with more block.Design notesFrameI thought there w ould be math (shuddder) about frame size vs prop size vs motor king and all that sort of thing, only when this FAQ says the main considerations are maneuverability and stability. A smaller frame is more nimble but less(prenominal) stable, and vice versa. Since Im a beginner, a larger, more stable frame seems like a good idea. It also seems plausible that its a better platform to develop from I could possibly add bigger motors/props to increase lift, for example, without having to change the frame. (Guess). The RCExplorer v2.6 arms are 480mm, which seems a good vagabond to start. I think Ill also use the frame design from RCExplorer as its hygienic proven and designs are available.Some tips from this thread* Prop wash over the arms causes vibration. Try to get on the props at least as far above the arms as the prop radius. * ESCs (unsurprisingly) work better if kept cool. Perhaps worth mounting them in the prop wash?PropsNot much headway on this yet. RCExplorer (again) recomme nds the smallest props you can as smaller props are hoy and have less air resistance, making them more stable. Trial and error seems a sensible plan of attack here, as long as the prop doesnt overwork the motor.Control boardFrom this table, Arducopter seems both very functional and reasonably priced. Lots of resources for it too. Beyond (advanced) features (that I wont need for ages, if ever), I keep mum dont have a clear idea what the pros and cons of the various boards are, though. For example, noob-friendliness, ease of repairs. The KK board does have a screen to guide you through the process, which might make it preferable to start with. And its cheap, so easy sufficiency to replace with something more feature-rich later.ESCsThere are so many important bits of schooling in the big tips thread that its not really worth reproducing them here. Just go read it. Use NiMH mode even for a LiPo battery, because the low-voltage mode engaging (to protect the LiPo) causes flips (eek). MotorsRCExplorer uses these for the v2.5. Mentioned elsewhere too. Is 750kV enough? What are the considerations? BatteriesTBCVideoNot planning to do this immediately, but from reading so far, there is stuff worth noting. Apparently, the only legal frequencies for airborne video tx in the UK are 2.4 and 5.8GHz. These are very ill-judged wavelengths with poor penetration and are limited to 10mw and 25mw respectively. This sounds totally dreadful, but people do claim that they can get decent range (up to a mile) with a high-gain antenna. A significant number of other people are (unsurprisingly) completely flouting the law. It does seem a bit OTT.Obtaining an amateur radio licence makes no deflection as they do not include airborne transmissions (out of date but probably still true Amateur Radio (Foundation) Licence Terms, Provisions and Limitations Booklet BR68/F, para 2(6)). Possible exception higher power 5.8GHz transmitters at 250mw rather than 25mw. It seems that to stay legal y ou can only use 2.4GHz or 5.8GHz. My transmitter is 2.4GHz and I dont want to replace that with an (obsolete) 35MHz transmitter. So it seems its 5.8GHz or bust. Telemetry, sensorsIll think about these later.Transmission of telemetry data is permitted on 433.05 to 434.79MHz up to 10mw.

The British Association for Counselling and Psychotherapy Essay Example for Free

The British joining for Counselling and Psychotherapy EssayThe British Association for Counselling and Psychotherapy (BACP) have a law of Ethics called the estimable Framework for Good Practice in Counselling and Psychotherapy. The model was offset published in 2002 and was reviewed in 2013. Within the Code of Ethics it states what the ethical principles and personal moral qualities be (in this piece of work I shall be explaining 4 of them). The ethical principles that I found in the BACPs Ethical Framework were (as follows)Being trustworthyAutonomy sympathyNon-maleficenceJusticeSelf-respectThe personal moral qualities that I found in the BACPs Ethical Framework were (as follows)EmpathyIntegrityRespectCompetenceSincerityResilienceunimportanceFairnessCourageThe ethical principles and personal moral qualities that I shall be explaining arAutonomyBeneficenceHumilityNon-maleficenceAutonomy is respect for the clients right to be self-governing (that is what the framework says). This convey allowing the clients to make their decisions independently if they wish to. This principle highlights the importance of reinforcing a clients ability to be independent in all aspects of their live.Beneficence is acting within the best interests of the client based upon theassessments (that is what the framework says). This nitty-gritty working closely on an individuals level of competence and ensuring that there are operate that the individual can access with the suitable training/experience. Humility is the ability to assess accurately and acknowledge ones own strengths and weaknesses (that is what the framework says). This means working to the best of a directions ability and knowing their own strengths and weaknesses and knowing that if they cannot manage something then they must seek advice from supervision.Non-maleficence is avoiding sexual, financial, stirred up or any other form of client exploitation avoiding incompetence or malpractice not providing servi ces when unfit to do so due to illness, personal circumstances or intoxication (that is what the framework says). This means that the counsellor has the responsibility to prevent the client from any harm that may happen whilst the client is in their care due to them being vulnerable.Referencehttp//www.bacp.co.uk/admin/structure/files/pdf/9479_ethical%20framework%20jan2013.pdf This is the website/document that I used to access the selective information to help me write this piece of work on 09/09/2014 at 1419

Nokia Essay Example for Free

Nokia Essay1. What are the trends in the mobile handset Industry? What is Nokias dodge and how has globalization changed its way of operation?The major trends in the mobile hand set industry tally to www.strandreports.com are the treat and possibilities of the Discount Mobile Service Providers, falling profit margins on basic mobile services as a result of competition, the intent of outsourcing, controlled investments in infrastructure, and higher marketing expenses partly because of the use of micro segmentation. Nokias strategies are the strength of its brand, supply chain efficiency, and its dominant position in emergent markets. Globalization has changed Nokias way of operations by trying to find countrys where they base pay its workers less, and in the long run make more profits.2. Was the German Backlash against Nokia justified? How tail nations make themselves more competitive?In my opinion I believe that the German backlash against Nokia was justified. This is cod to the fact that Nokia didnt repay the 41 one million million million Euros ($63 million) in subsidies it had been given for locating its closed mobile phone deeds in Bochum to Romania. in addition I feel that it was unjust that Nokia closed the ingraft in Bochum because it was highly profitable, and the German workforce is far more skilled, vigorous educated, productive, and is one of the worlds highest wage and benefits earners. Nations crowd out make themselves more competitive by increasing their education systems in the country, and in any persona by increasing their trade and communications with other countries.3. What, if any, were the fractures in Nokias approach to announcing and handling its plant closure? What can the company do now for damage control?Nokias main flaw in its approach to announcing and handling its plant closure in my opinion was that they had no clear news report of why such a profitable company needed to close a productive factory. What Nokia can do now is apologize to all the pile that they put out of work, and repay the 41 million Euros ($63 million) in subsidies it had been given to the German workers that deserve it.4. What did I learn from this case study?From this case study I learned that Nokia is the largest mobile handset maker in the world with a 40% market share. Nokia also produces four out of every 10 mobile phones sold worldwide and is well ahead of it competition on the strength of its brand, supply chain efficiency, a dominant position in emerging markets, understanding consumer needs and providing phones ranging from less than $50 to advance services featuring satellite navigation and email. Also that business is business and Nokia found a more profitable location for its factory in Romania plain though the German factory was extremely profitable, and it never suffered a loss. Nokia put a lot of people out of jobs due to the closing of the German factory, they saw that the factory only made sense in t he short border, and Nokia as a global competitor needs to focus on the long term goals to stay ahead of it competition.

Ethnic Diversity Essay Example for Free

Ethnic transmutation EssayAnswer each question in 50 to 150 words. Provide citations for all the sources you use. 1. What is smorgasbord? Why is diversity valued? Diversity is the combination of different races of population, religions, and culture. Diversity is important to constantly mount and learn new ideas that will help our clubhouse become a better environment to follow in. Diversity is value because it allows us to learn different things that may help up us in life, that our receive culture does teach, or provide. 2. What is ethnocentrism? In what shipway can ethnocentrism be detrimental to a society?Ethnocentrism is a term that is used to describe the tendency that some one will believe his or her own employments and traditions atomic number 18 better than anyone elses. It is determined that no culture is perfect, and closing society from the great custom of other cultures does not allow one a chance to solve all problems, and learn what others be that we are custom to disbelieve in. 3. Define emigration and immigration. Emigration is a person leaving a country, and Immigration is a person entering a country. E in Emigration can destine exit, and I in immigration can mean in.Many get these to word mixed up, chiefly in ones English or History class as a student. For example the United States are prompt with immigrants with an I, and Mexico are accounted for emigrants with an E. 4. What are some of the ways stems of people are identified? Some ways groups of people are identified are by race or creed, gender, religion, raised by one or both parents, or raised outside of their original family. In addition, American cultural group people by age, until you reach 18, one is considered an adolescent, and when one reaches 21, they are considered an adult.5. Why do people chase and group other people? People label and group other people as a barrier to not be taken by surprise. If a certain right of first publication 2012 by University of P hoenix. all(a) rights reserved. Diversity Worksheet ETH/125 Version 8 2 person done something wrong, and we see more people like that person doing the same, we now label that entire race of people to be the same. The labeling part whole kit as a defense mechanism to not allow someone that we think is bad or good, take advantage of us or we lock out someone we think can be a good friend.6. Define culture. Is culture limited to racial and ethnic backgrounds? Explain. Culture is the customs of a group of people, by race, religion, beliefs, and tradition. Culture is not limited to racial and ethnic backgrounds. Because thither are many an(prenominal) different races that have the same religious culture and traditions. For example Indians, Blacks, Iranians, and I am sure there are others that believe in the Islamic religion, and have the same beliefs and follow the same religion traditions. Copyright 2012 by University of Phoenix. All rights reserved.

Virgin Media Business Strategy

stark(a) Media duty StrategyThis report is a study of virginal Media Inc and the business sector strategies that define the companion. The outline was an attempt to jibe the theories that define the business strategies of a high society and the practical approach taken by virtuous Media in those atomic number 18as. So we grant carry outed a study of the food grocery storeing Mix of staring(a) Media and based on our findings a SWOT Analysis of gross(a) Media.From the results of the SWOT analysis we stick out drawn our conclusions of what virginal Media has to focus on in the future and predict the path that they should take.virginal Media A First Look saturated Media is a leading progress to in the communication and entertainment sector providing a quad p enter of function consisting of wideband, television, mobile and mend line tele b run. The society was founded by Sir Richard Branson and has James Mo bingley as the company chairperson and Neil Berkett as chief executive officer of the firm. It has schematic itself as UKs leading media and communication offer upr and has reinforced its tumescent business finished constant innovation, successful diversification and combative ingathering fig victimization a future proof strong communication lucre. complete(a) Medias third main operating piecesCcapable ramblingContentThe communication channel segment conjures wideband Internet, television and fixed-line telephone serve under the virginal Media stigmatize to residential nodes in U.K.In the mobile segment thoroughgoing(a) Mobile has teamed up with T-Mobile by get airtime from T-Mobile and vaneing it under the pure(a) Mobile mail name.The sum segment includes eight genre-based entertainment channels, including new1, Living, Bravo, Trouble, quarrel and Challenge Jackpot. The content segment also oversees the companys interest in the UKTV television channels by vocalize ventures with BBC Worldwide. There is also the Vide o On Demand wait ons and the website advantages that provide movies, TV shows and intelligence activity to the customers.History of Virgin MediaIn March 2006 NTL and Telewest which were UKs leading cable companies merged together to get d deliver the provider of UKs leading triple-play helpers. Later in July 2006 the merged company acquired Virgin Mobile providing the starting line quadruple-play cater of TV, net income and fixed and mobile telephony receiptss from a single doer. Finally in February 2007 the combined companies were rebranded and launched as Virgin Media. Virgin Media has rebranded NtlTelewest, the companys business Internet Service Provider (ISP), as Virgin Media Business. Virgin Media is the largest in camera built vane in the UK, with 330 Ethernet PoPs and over 38,000 street cabinets across the country. Virgin Media Inc. Is listed on the NASDAQ Stock securities industry and the London Stock Exchange (VMED)Track RecordVirgin offers ultrafast internet a ccess of up to 50Mb to hardly over half of all homes in UK. Virgin Media has one of UKs most advanced TV on lead services and was the first base TV platform to carry BBC iPlayer.(CITATION) .It is the second largest provider of pay TV, was the first to launch a advanced definition TV service and offers a high-specification, HD-ready V+ personal picture show recorder. It is also one of the largest fixed-line home phone providers in the country.Virgin Media has also announce that it would be presentation 100 Meg wideband services by the annul of December 2010.We atomic number 18 expanding our trials of a 200Mb broadband service and are planning the commercial launch of a 100Mb service later this year. The pullulatement of our adjoining generation TV platform is progressing sound and we are confident it will provide the UKs most accessible, spatiotemporal and seamless(prenominal)(prenominal) home entertainment experience. , Says Neil Burkett CEO of Virgin Media.Virgin med ias performance in the stock market place has alter over the last year. Its share bell fell in the beginning of 2008 but remained changeless during the recession period. Stock price have been rising from the fourth get out after the company announced its successful Q4 results for the year 2009 .This shows that company has gained the trust of the investors. engine roomVirgin Media is one of the largest residential broadband providers in the UK using a whimsical fiber opthalmic cable mesh. It is the first company in UK to offer broadband, Telephone, and TV through its fiber optic cable net income. The fiber optic cable is made of scratch and it delivers vast amounts of knowledge at the festinate of light whereas other providers use copper wires to deliver information, which is ofttimes s impoverisheder than optical fibers.The fiber optic meshwork gives the customer all the benefits of next generation telecomsIt helps to turn out comprises through voice and data conve rgenceIt quickly channel large volumes of dataHelps to alter and detain your data storageInstantly implement disaster recovery plansKey Facts about Virgin MediaRevenue 3.8 Billion (GBP)Employees 10939merchandising OrientationThe aim of a Market oriented company is to replete the customer ask and requirements and to align their products and services to the pick outs of the customers. A typical marketing orientation model is sh sustain below.A market oriented company tries to continuously improve customer satis positionion. To deliver superior customer neb they pay close oversight to service, both before and after sales.The concept of market orientation is built on three pillars of node focusCoordinated marketingProfitability.An organizations capabili attracts to develop an orientation towards each of these three pillars depend on the internal structure and culture.Virgin Media follows a market orientation strategy in which the company is concerned about the customers require ments and needs. It pays attention to what its customer needs and delivers the information accordingly. Also imputable to high emulation amongst various service providers Virgin Media also follows Sales orientation in which the company pays attention to the s of sales as well.Virgin Media has put together 3 strategic priorities in its pronunciamentoEngaging our massGrowing our businessFixing the fundamentalsVirgin media has created a broad portfolio that tail end be tailored to enables its marketers to meet customer requirements. overlap diversification within a single business allows it to be one step ahead of its competitors.Virgin Media believes in continuously interacting with its customers, either on day-by-day basis or in one of their stores, during a home installation or on the phone with one of Virgin Medias agents.Virgin Media uses a management tool called Net Promoter to monitor and measure the customer feedback. This helps the company to improve their performance by analyzing the feedback and suggestions from its customers.Show below are statistics of Virgin Medias customers and the reduce of customers added in 2009.Competitive advantageCompetitive advantage is termed as The achievement of superior performance through differentiation to provide superior customer value or by managing achieve lowest delivered cost (Jobber, D., (2009), Principles and practice of marketing, 914)UK has become a exceedingly competitive market for the telecom sector. With the government pushing for improved broadband services for everyone (http// untriedfounds.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/technology/8012848.stm) broadband speed offered by service providers has foregone from up 14.4 kbps to 50 mbps. There is a cutthroat competition in the broadband sector with to a greater extent than 20 companies serving 61.4 million population of UK. (http//www.statistics.gov.uk/cci/nugget.asp?id=1352).Due to this intense competition major market players comparable BT, Virgin media and thr esh have almost similar packages offered to their customers while playing to their strengths in different market segments. monger offers the most number of channels than any other service provider in UK and wherefore sky subscribers tend to be those who prefer their superior television services whereas Virgin media advertises its superior broadband network and hence its subscribers are normally those who use internet more. BT has more customer base overdue to its scotch packages (Table 1).Services offered2 Comparison of the basic packages offered by BT, jactitate and Virgin Media* Package information taken from* http//allyours.virginmedia.com/?buspart=Portal_HP_topnav_1_1* http//www.sky.com/shop/bundles-offers/popular-bundles/* http//www.productsandservices.bt.com/consumerProducts/displayCategory.do?categoryId=CON-BT-BUNDLE-Is_intcid=con_intban_overview_packages_homeIn HDTV section Sky seems doing far better than Virgin media. They have positioned well in HD TV market. Virgins video on demand service is highly acclaimed by the viewers (750m views in 2009, 50% rise over previous year). Bravo, a pay channel of Virgin media has acquired undivided rights of the US block buster series Spartacus Blood and Sand. Despite this Sky added 172,000 customers in the fourth quarter and Virgin media added only 34,200 unused subscribers. Due to the uniqueness of services offered by sky Virgin media seems is lag behind in the race when it comes to TV channels.In order to study the competitive advantage a company has over its competitors, Porter, M. E. (1998) suggested the five forces model.Analysis of Five forces for Virgin MediaEntry barriers Entry into the telecom sedulousness is primarily determined by the high cost of the fixed as performs. There are significant be to be incurred equivalent the cost of establishing the network, operating cost of the network and associated infrastructural costs. Virgin media has spent billions of pounds just to lay the optic fiber cable network required. Acquiring telecast rights for sporting events, TV shows etc. is also a key entry barrier determinant as the competition for the rights normally increases the price, making it harder for new entrants. BT a significant competitor and running on an aging copper based network is finding it hard to convince its investors to develop infrastructure after incurring current losses in inordinateness of 7b.The telecom industry is an extremely competitive market where key market players try to make meshwork through sales volumes and not price. So for an entrant into the market the initial return on enthronement will be low and market expectations for generating profits in the long run are low as well. The market is also highly competitive and any product or service is direct replicated by the competitors. For eccentric BT has offered a 40 mbps broadband service to compete without delay with Virgin Medias 50 mbps broadband service.There is a significantly high cost for advertisement as the competition is with established brands with significant brand recall. The telecommunication service is a vital and intensely used and hence customers demand high quality of service. Service complaints are investigated by OfCom, UKs independent regulator of the telecommunications industry and hefty fines are placed on service providers for poor service quality. All these factors combined reduce the number of new entrants into the telecommunications sector.Rivalry determinants Due to the heraldic bearing of significant market players care SKY and BT, there is intense competition in the telecom industry. Increase reliance on internet has increase customer expectations and dominant market players frequently reduce prices to attract more customers. There is hence a reduction in general profitability and investments are hence done cautiously.Key market players have strong brand names and hence significant brand committal. Competing brands have their unique st rengths making it difficult for drug users to switch networks. Sky network offer premium television content and hence retain its customers even though Virgin Media has a superior high speed internet network. Customers also find it easier to take all the bundled services from a single provider due to advantages like ease of payment and discounts on bundled deals. High switching costs hence make it increasing difficult for Virgin Media to increase its market share.Supplier advocate To develop a cost leadership advantage one really needs to control supplier power. This is one big determinant of economies of scale. As there are many competitors in the telecom sector, suppliers tend to demand higher prices for the services in od force the company to provide better deals. The supplier whitethorn refuse to work with the company if their demands are not met and provide its services to a competitor.For example Sky charges a high wholesale price to its competitors like Virgin Media to permi t them to display their premium offerings like sports. Since Sky has all the associated broadcasting rights and Sports channels are in great demand by the UK consumer, Virgin media and BT have no choice but to pay more for the content. Owing to this fact Sky has become a dominant force in the Television sector as its competitors are not able to match its prices.Threat of substitutes There are players like Sky and BT in the bundled services market segment and O2, Vodafone Talk-talk etc. in individual service market segment. All of them offer comparatively similar services at very competitive prices. Due to this it is difficult for a new customer to choose a service. The choice may then be made instantaneously and based on current need. For example a sports fan when choosing a new service may immediately go for the Sky network without much consideration to the quality of the other networks. Existing customers may also be tempted to switch networks due to economic or service based need s. Virgin Media could lose an existing customer to BT which offers more economical bundle packages and with the upcoming sports events like the football world cup and London Olympics it could lose customers to the Sky network as well.Also in order to reduce network congestion during peak hours, Virgin Media throttles the network speed and this has irked some of its internet users. If a rival service makes a claim that it does not perform such a speed check on the network, users may switch to the rival network.Buyer power Every service provider in the telecom sector aims at minimizing its churn rate (rate at which a customer leaves the service).Hence the customer enjoys a greater degree of bargaining power. Service providers tend to offer discounts and cheaper rates to ensure that they do not lose customers. Virgin media may be forced to renegotiate deals with the customers in order to minimise this risk.Five forces analysis though tells us about the microenvironment of the busines s, it is not full to gain competitive advantage.A firm can get competitive advantage by develop strategies to create value to customer. Michael Porter suggests that company can either differentiate their product or service by,Differentiating their product offering orManaging lowest delivered cost.Competitive strategy options modelVirgin media has adopted a Differentiation leader strategy and utilises this in its advertising campaigns. Virgin Media advertisement campaigns focus on the fact that it is UKs fastest network and that it offers premium content on its Video on demand services. In a survey conducted by Ofcom Virgin media broadband speed was found to be highest in all the service providers.Traffic on Broadband Network furbish up SpeedsIn order to create differentiated or lowest cost position it is important to understand the value drawstring of a company. Value chain analysis provides a holistic view of the company. It provides a framework for understanding the nature and location of the skills and resources that provide a basis for competitive advantage. Activities of a company are grouped into twoPrimary activities that come back a profit margin for the companySupport activities that facilitate the primary activitiesThe goal of a company is to ensure that the primary activities are performed efficiently so that the costs incurred from the primary activities and support activities remain tear down than the price paid by the customer for the service provided, thereby granting a profit margin to the company.Virgin Medias Value chain An analysis.Inbound Logistics Virgin media has tie ups with BBC, ITV and Television show broadcaster to deliver their content on its network. Having settled their disputes with Sky network regarding television content Virgin media now has a tie up accord with Sky network for their premium television content like Sky sports, Sky one etc. However the wholesale broadcaster fee of Sky Network is high causing a significan t increase in costs for Virgin media. But Virgin media does not have to depend on a third party service provider for network and related logistics because it has its own superior network and in house facilities for network management. Hence it has a significant reduction in network costs.Operations and Service high society is rated for its internet speed and its VOD service. This indicates that they have good operations end-to-end the UK. Their Web support chat window appears as soon as a net user starts browsing website. The response to queries was quick and informative when tried online. BT also has similar service however it was less prompt than Virgin media. They also have their support through social networking sites like Twitter and face book. Virgin gives all options to pay bills.Outbound logisticsVirgin media gives installation and maintenance service to all its customers. Customer can opt for e bill or a normal hard copy. When order for new connection is placed it is comp leted within 7 working days. Any new subscription to any of their service is completed on the same day. Because Sky is a dish network, customers are required to take liberty from the societies which can cause annoyance to the customers. This gives competitive advantage as Virgin service can be obtained through BT cable.Marketing and salesCompany is strongly advertising on internet and television. They are using social networking sites aggressively for their advertising. They have completely understood the need of the segment they are targeting and marketing their broadband speed as their customer winning strategy. Company also believes that calling the customers may spoil the pattern of company hence they have strict rules for calling customers.ProcurementVirgin has established a enrol of conduct for its suppliers. Best part is that company focuses on environment and labor issues when purchasing decisions are made.Technology developmentWith fibre technology Virgin media become UK s second largest telecom service provider company. They are unique in the market. Company is testing 100mbps broadband speed and will be operational by 2011. They are also trialing 200 mbps broadband. Company also have technologies to support web based larn and automated hospital care with which they are ambitious to becharm the market.Human resource managementVirgin media recently axed 2200 jobs due to economic slowdown. This will have a profound effect on its cast in the employees. Company seems emphasizing more on employment cuts for cost effectiveness which will affect the morale of the employees. For cutting costs Virgin Media has outsourced some of its operations like billing and front end calling. This will benefit them in reduce expenses and increase efficiency. http//www.computing.co.uk/computing/news/2205297/virgin-signs-network-contractFirm infrastructureVirgin media is operating in telecom market with its giant network. They have 186,000 km nationwide fibre-optic netw ork worth 13 billion. They also have 157 telephone switches. Their infrastructure can support 70,000 calls/minute. 35% of the UKs broadband traffic is handled by Virgin media. This works as an entry barrier for new entrants in the telecom market.SuggestionsWith sound technology and infrastructure virgin media has lot of opportunities to spread its network in the rural areas. Company can improve its internal customer relationship and boost the morale of the employees. There is higher orbit of improving the logistics in terms of new connections being completed within 48 hours and compete Sky network. They can also improve their billing system by offering payment through set top box.Virgin Medias Marketing Mix An AnalysisMarketing MixMarketing Mix is define as The tactical tools that marketers use to implement their strategies (Kotler 2008 202).The four basic factors that we analyse the marketing blend in on areProductPricePlacePromotionFor a successful marketing strategy, one needs to come at the equilibrium of above four tools.ProductA product is anything that is capable of satisfy customer needs, (Jobber,D 5th edition 326 ).Virgin media has four main products in its portfolio.TelevisionBroadbandLandlineMobileVirgin Medias product portfolio is built up of intangible products making the post corrupt services offered to the customers like customer services, help lines and value added content an important aspect of the Augmented Virgin Media Product.Virgin Media distinguish its product from other competitors like Sky and BT by using special induce like optic fibre cable and forms a total product.The core product can be differentiated in many demeanorsCustomers can be reached by applying following marketing mix-Functionality Virgin medias network is fibre optic network that provided support for high bandwidth and is unique in comparability to its competitors like BT and Sky who are still dependent on Copper based data transfer networks. This has helped Virgi n media to gain customers attention as customer focus is now on high speed internet.Brand A brand is created by augmenting a core product with values that makes the product unique and distinguishes it from the competitors(Jobber 2007 334).To achieve high sales, you need a powerful Brand Name behind it , which ultimately retains their customers through brand loyalty(Jobber 2007 334).Having an established brand name normally puts a business in a secure position in the competitive market as customers tend to focus on perceived brand value through the strong brand name. This enables retention of even the price conscious customers due to the loyalty created with the brand.Virgin media has Customer Based Brand Equity which is specify as The differential effect that brand knowledge has on customer response to the marketing of the product (Jobber 2007 332). The Virgin Group started by Sir Richard Branson has a significant market presence in various sectors due to a varied range of products like Virgin Records, Virgin Airlines. This provides a positive impact in the market as a first time customer will associate Virgin Media with the brand values and market value of the Virgin Group.Managing the Product Mix Positioning and RepositioningPositioningA products position is the way the product is defined by consumers on important attributes the place the product occupies in the minds relative to the competitive products.Virgin media operates in three segments in the B2C segment.Cable segmentData ContentMobile SegmentIn the cable segment Virgin media occupies the position of a Market leader because of its future proof fibre optic cable network that has won it the Fastest home broadband Award for their 50 MB broadband services. Due to its superior network Virgin Media is able to differentially position themselves against their competitors like BT and SKYIn the Data Content Segment. Virgin media occupies the position of a marketIn the mobile segment Virgin media is playing catch up to most other providers like O2 and 3 Mobile services. It currently has an agreement with T Mobile for use of its airtime under the brand of Virgin Media.RepositioningIn Feb 2010 Virgin Media rebranded NTL/Telewest as Virgin Media Business. The rebranding came as Virgin media stepped up its effort to capture market share from BT which is the dominant operator in the B2B market segment. By rebranding the name the Virgin Media family is able to use the Virgin Brand name and improve its marketing capability.As Richard Branson has quotedGood progress with network development leaves Virgin Media Business well positioned to expand its offer out to smaller corporates.http//www.telecomseurope.net/content/virgin-media-branson- factor-businessMarket Positioning Of Virgin Media Ansoff intercellular substance analysisThe emphasis on product portfolio analysis is managing an existing set of products in such a way as to maximize their strengths. But companies also need to look to new pro ducts and markets for future exploitation. A recyclable way of looking at growing opportunities is the Ansoff Matrix.Existing Market Existing Product The Market sixth sense Strategy is used when a company attempts to capture market share by launching its own version of an existing product. Focus then is placed on aggressive advertising and promotionsVirgin Media had utilise this strategy to capture market share from BT when it launched its broadband services. It emphasised on advertisement campaigns and cheaper package deals to capture customers from Sky.Existing Market New Product The Product development strategy is used when a company attempts to launch a new product in an established market catering to its existing customer base. Virgin Media has proposed to launch its 100 mbps broadband service as an upgraded product to its customers to improve on its existing portfolio offeringsNew Market Existing Product The Market development strategy is used when a company attempts to t arget a new market with an existing product. Virgin media launched its broadband services with a fixed focus on home customers. Utilising its existing network and operational services it has re-launched its B2C arm as Virgin Media Business in order to capture market share from BT.New Market New Product The Diversification strategy where a company launches new products in new markets where it had no market presence at all. While Virgin Media was a diversification strategy of Virgin group there is no product or strategy currently utilised by Virgin Media to justify this approach. The intense competitive nature of the business also makes it riskier for the company to attempt such diversification at this point of time.Stages of PLC for Virgin MediaProduct development When an established company enters in the market with new product with new design and development, the sales are zero. Virgin media has not disclosed any information about a product in this stage and typically this informat ion would be secret as the telecommunication industry is highly competitive.Introduction When a new product is introduced in an established market, the profit would be very less and the cost of introduction of the product would be very high , also it will lead to a small growth in sales. Virgin Media has launched its 100 mbps Broadband service as test service in Coventry on a test basis.Growth When the new product is accepted in the market company starts making the profit , this period of acceptance and the profit would fall into Growth of the PLC graph. Virgin medias VOD services fall in the Growth sector as it has recorded a 50 % growth in 2009.Maturity When the product captures the majority of its market customers, slowdown the sales growth. There is decline in the Profit level because of increasing marketing costs in order to remain competitive. Virgin Media 20Mb Broadband being second popular choice has reached its maturity stage and there is a slow growth in the number of new customers. Hence Virgin Media has launched its 100 mbps broadband service in order to return the broadband segment into the growth.Decline Stage When a product performs poorly and there is a reduction in sales it is known as the decline stage. Currently in our assessment Virgin Media does not have any product that is in the decline stage.BCG Matrix of Virgin MediaThe BCG Growth- Share Matrix is designed by leading management consultancy Boston consulting Group (BCG) which allows drawing the portfolio in 2X2 diagram and thence analysing the product. The BCG matrix gives guidelines for setting strategic objectives on the cash flow and categorized as.Stars Build sales/ Market sharesProblem children Build selectivelyCash Cows Hold sales or/and market sharesDogs craw or focus on defendable nicheAfter analysing Virgin Media products the portfolio of the product can be drawn as follows50MB Broadband,VODBroadband+Landline+Mobile+TV Mobile Services50Mb Broadband is a STAR because that has been awarded the fastest Home broadband .Virgin Media being the first Quad play player in the market they got positive response from their customers, thats why TV, Broadband , landline and mobile Services as a bundle falls in CASH COW. Mobile Services has got fierce competition in the market thats why virgin Mobile Services falls in DOG sector.PromotionPromotion means activities that communicate the merits of the products and persuade the target customers to buy it. (Armstrong and Kotler 2009 84)Promotions help to influence customers purchase behavior. Promotion also keeps people informed and educated about the product.Advertising plays an important role in Virgin Medias Marketing Strategy. Virgin Media uses different means to educate and inform the customers about their products like television, pamphlets distribution, hoardings, internet, direct marketing and newspapers.Elements of Promotion organize MarketingIn Direct Marketing there is a direct communication with individual or group consumers either by internet, mail, email, fax, telephone etc. Direct marketing is useful to communicate directly with the potential buyers avoiding any intermediaries. Virgin Media does their direct marketing through call centers, sales representative, internet or distributing the pamphlets.AdvertisingAny paid form of non-personal communication of ideas or products in the prime media. (Jobber D. and Fahy J. Foundation of Marketing 2nd Edition 2006225). Virgin Media follows the product oriented advertiser strategy. This strategy involves highlighting the product features, services, price through various advertising channels such as television, internet, magazines, e-marketing etc.Virgin Media advertisements have been contentious due to the nature of their claims.A campaign Truth Lies and Broadband was subject of an ASA (Advertising Standards Authority) inquiry due to the complaints from its competito